9. The previous NIH projects on the research of the procedure have never been fulfilled and the funding might have been misused. The first grant awarded to Dr. Xiao [] was initially proposed for the canine model, but the final result turned out to be merely a journal paper on the cat model [], while the initial result of the cat model had already been reported by Dr. Xiao [] far before the grant awarded. The second grant awarded to Dr. Xiao [] only supported a clinical trial with just 2 patients and resulted in only one abstract [] cited by a review []. The NIH should have the responsibility to investigate how tax-payer's multi-million dollars were spent. On the other hand, if the second NIH grant was also used to support Dr. Xiao's "clinical trials" in China, then the OHRP should have the responsibility to investigate Dr. Xiao's unethical practice within the time frame of the funding being awarded (1999-2007).