后者一直宣称中国2000年以来的总和生育率是1.8，而美国统计局认为2000年以来中国的总和生育率一直在1.6以下（“China's total fertility rate is estimated to have been 2.2 in 1990, 1.8 in 1995 and less than 1.6 since 2000.”）。据此估计的人口峰值是2026年的少于14亿（“China's population is projected to peak at slightly less than 1.4 billion in 2026, both earlier and at a lower level than previously projected.”）。

美国对中国计生的支持主要是福特基金会和洛克菲勒基金会。对联合国人口基金的支持在里根、布什时期屡次被砍掉。