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【1.2】一场鉴定会
An Evaluation
小芳接受的这一手术，其基础是人工反射弧理论，创立者是武汉协和医院的肖传国教授。
The foundation of the operation that Xiao Fang received was the theory of artificial reflex arc, of which the inventor was Professor Xiao Chuanguo at the Xiehe Hospital in Wuhan.
在武警总医院病理科主任纪小龙看来，肖传国之所以能够大肆宣传其理论，并在部分医院开展其手术，很大程度上归功于2004年的一场鉴定会。
In the opinions of Ji Xiaolong, director of the pathology department of the General Hospital of Military Police, the fact that Xiao could exccessively(????) promote his theory and obtained the chance to perform the operation in some hospitals, owes very much to an evaluation in 2004.
2004年8月，由鉴定专家同济医学院裘法祖、北京大学医学部韩济生等7位院士和一名教授组成的鉴定会，认定肖传国的成果对于解决先天性脊膜膨出患儿大小便失控“具有重要意义和突出的创新性”。
In August 2004, a committee was formed by seven academians and a professor, including experts Qiu Fazu from Tongji Medical college and Han Jisheng from Beijing University Medical School. The committee asserted that Xiao's achievement has important implications and outstanding novelty on solving the problem of bowel movement and urination incontinent caused by congenital spinal meningocele(先天性脊膜膨出)。
据当时参与鉴定的第三军医大学王正国院士回忆，该项目最早由时任国家自然科学基金委生命科学部副主任叶鑫生推荐。而看一些材料的介绍，该成果在国外也有很好的反响，国际上有关专业会议都作了介绍，在国外有着很高的评价。
According to the recollection of Wang Zhengguo, an academian at the Third Military Medical University, the project was first recommended by Ye Xinsheng, then vice director of the Life Science Department of the (Chinese) National Science Foundation. Based on some documents, the result had very good response from overseas. It was highlighted on a number of international conferences in the field, and had earned high appraisal internationally.
但这样的鉴定会在专家组成上却存在着缺陷。组长韩济生、西安第四军医大学的鞠躬等人长于基础神经的研究，对于临床并不擅长。而在所有的专家中，只有重庆第三军医大学的金锡御教授是泌尿外科的专家。而当时，中国泌尿外科的唯一一个院士郭应禄并不在邀请之列。其实，在肖氏的该项成果参加国家科技进步奖的评奖以及肖氏参与申报院士时，郭应禄就曾提出一些意见：效果并不是想象的那么确实。
The committee, however, had flaws in its selection of the members. Han Jisheng, the chairman of the committee, Ju Gong, from Xi'an the Fourth Military Medical University, and several others exceled in the fundamental research in neuro-science, but were not specialized in clinical practices. Among all the experts, only Professor Jin Xiyu from Chong Qing the Third Military Medical University was a specialist on urological surgery. Moreover, Guo Yinglu, the only academian in urological surgery in China, was not even invited (to join the committee). As a matter of fact, on the occassions when Xiao's result was under consideration for the National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology and when Xiao applied for the academianship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guo Yinglu had made some comments: the effects (of the procedure) were not as solid as expected.
“我不是专门搞泌尿外科的，当时，基金委的专家推荐他。另外，裘法祖对他也比较赞赏。我非常尊重裘教授，他平常是一个科学精神很强的人，医德、医风都是典范。所以没有接触情况之前，我对这个成果就有好感。”王正国说。
"I don't specialze on urological surgery. At that time, the experts from (Chinese) National Science Foundation (CNSF) recommended him. Besides, Qiu Fazu had very good opinions on him. I have high regards for Professor Qiu. Normally he is a person with strong scientific spirit(????), and has always been exemplary in medical ethics. So I had had favorable impressions on the result, even before I came to know the details." Wang Zhengguo said.
这次鉴定会上，肖传国专门找了几个病人，当面来看效果。从外行角度看，略微施加点压力在腹部，就可以正常排尿了。但作为尿动力专家的金锡御提出，这可能表明目前的排尿主要是压力造成的，而不是神经功能恢复造成的。
During the evaluation, Xiao Chuanguo intentionally brought several patients to show the effects (of the procedure) to the committee. A non-specialist would see that (the patients) started to urinate normally after some small pressure was put on their stomachs. But Jin Xiyu, as an expert in urodynamics, proposed that, it could imply that the urination was caused mainly by the pressure, rather than the recovery in neurological functions.
“当时有基金委的专家推荐，裘法祖强烈推荐，一个年轻人，特别是国外评价很高，我觉得是非常好的事情，中国原创的、国外欣赏的成果不是太多，我抱着鼓励和学习的态度，当时觉得还是不错的，我也没太多说话，因为我临床做得很少。”王正国坦言。
"At that time, (we had) the recommendation of the expert from CNSF, and the strong recommendation from Qiu Fazu; (he was also) a young man; particularly, the opinions from overseas were very high. So I thought it was a very good thing, (because) there weren't many original results from China that were appreciated overseas. Trying to learn and to be encouraging, (I) felt it was quite good at that time. I did not say much either, because I did very little clinical work." Wang Zhenguo said frankly.
同时，专家们也提出，该成果虽被认为解决了临床上的实际问题，但其原理分析尚需完善；此外，这项研究的相关学术论文也应充实。当时请的专家大多是搞基础的，临床医生极少，但专家们仍然将成果确定为“先进”。
In the meantime, the experts also proposed that, although it was believed that the result had solved the practical problem in clinical practices, the analysis of its principles need to be further refined. Besides, the academic papers related to the project should also be substantiated. Most of the invited experts worked on fundamental (research), with a extremely small number of clinical doctors. Nevertheless, the experts still rated the result as "advanced".
“这可能有一些情感因素。金锡御论资历、论权威性，都不如别人，别人是院士，年龄也大，尤其是中国的传统，要做到不管别人再大的名气，不同意就能提出来，常常是做不到的。”王正国告诉《科学新闻》。
"It might contain emotional factors(???). Jin Xiyu was inferior to others, in both experience (????) and influence(????). The others were all academians, and older as well. To say no whenever you do not agree, no matter how famous the others are, is often something you are not able to do, especially in Chinese tradition." Wang Zhengguo told Science News.
鉴于肖传国“手术做得很漂亮，效果也很好”，加之裘法祖的推荐，西安第四军医大学的鞠躬院士不会相信结果是“假”的。“因为，裘老师是很认真的，很严格的，裘老师还到平顶山去看了的。我相信裘老师。”鞠躬承认肖的工作在临床上还是有价值的，虽然在理论上还需要完善。
Xiao Chuanguo "did beautiful operations, and the outcomes were also very good". Adding to that was the recommendation from Qiu Fazu. Given all these, Ju Gong, the academian from Xi'an The Fourth Military Medical University, does not believe the result is "fake". "Because, Teacher Qiu is very serious and very strict; he went to Ping Ding Shan to check. I believe in Teacher Qiu." Ju Gong conceded that Xiao's result was of value in clinical practices, although improvements were still needed on the theory side.